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Received on October 27, 2005
Accepted on March 17, 2006
Molecular Diagnostics and Genetics |
1 Primagen, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
3 Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
4 Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: M.P.deBaar{at}primagen.com.
Background: To study the clinical relevance of changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) attributable to HIV infection and/or combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), a high-throughput molecular assay to quantify mtDNA is required.
Methods: We developed a quantitative real-time duplex nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay in which both mtDNA and nuclear DNA are simultaneously amplified in 1 tube. The assay could accurately quantify mtDNA in a range of 15-1500 copies of mtDNA per 2 genomic copies with an intrarun variation of 11% and an interrun variation of 16%. We compared this real-time assay the lactate/pyruvate ratios in fibroblasts incubated with glucose and exposed to zalcitabine. Additionally, we studied the effects of platelet contamination and the in vivo effects of cART on mtDNA in PBMCs from a small group of patients.
Results: Decreases in mtDNA preceded the increase in lactate/pyruvate ratios and vice versa when zalcitabine was eliminated from the culture. Platelets affected the mtDNA in PBMCs if >5 platelets per PBMC were present. Within 12 weeks, mtDNA increased and remained increased in PBMCs from patients on continuous treatment with zidovudine/lamivudine/indinavir therapy (P = 0.03), but increased if patients were switched to stavudine/didanosine therapy (P = 0.008).
Conclusions: After drug exposure, the mtDNA assay can detect changes in mtDNA concentrations in cell lines and PBMCs, when properly controlled for platelet effects, earlier than traditional assays.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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  P. Tebas, J. Zhang, R. Hafner, K. Tashima, A. Shevitz, K. Yarasheski, B. Berzins, S. Owens, J. Forand, S. Evans, et al. Peripheral and visceral fat changes following a treatment switch to a non-thymidine analogue or a nucleoside-sparing regimen in HIV-infected subjects with peripheral lipoatrophy: results of ACTG A5110 J. Antimicrob. Chemother., May 1, 2009; 63(5): 998 - 1005. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 D. Morisset, D. Dobnik, S. Hamels, J. Zel, and K. Gruden NAIMA: target amplification strategy allowing quantitative on-chip detection of GMOs Nucleic Acids Res., October 1, 2008; 36(18): e118 - e118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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